How To Change Brakes In A Car?

Changing the brakes in your car is an essential maintenance task that can save you money and ensure your vehicle’s safety. While it may seem daunting at first, with the right tools and knowledge, you can successfully replace your car’s brake pads and rotors. This guide will walk you through the process step-by-step, providing you with the information you need to complete this task confidently.

Before diving into the process, it’s crucial to understand the components involved in a typical brake system. The main parts you’ll be working with are the brake pads, rotors, and calipers. Brake pads are the friction material that presses against the rotors to slow down or stop your car. Rotors are the metal discs that the brake pads grip onto, while calipers house the brake pads and use hydraulic pressure to squeeze them against the rotors.

Let’s take a look at the basic tools you’ll need for this job:

Preparing Your Vehicle

Before you begin changing your brakes, it’s essential to properly prepare your vehicle. Start by parking your car on a flat, level surface and engaging the parking brake. Loosen the lug nuts on the wheel you’ll be working on, but don’t remove them completely yet.

Next, use your jack to lift the vehicle, following the manufacturer’s recommended jacking points. Once the car is lifted, place jack stands under the appropriate support points for added safety. Never rely solely on a jack to support your vehicle while working underneath it.

With the car securely lifted, you can now fully remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel. This will give you clear access to the brake assembly.

Removing the Old Brake Pads

With the wheel removed, you’ll see the brake caliper, rotor, and brake pads. The first step is to remove the caliper, which is typically held in place by one or two bolts. Locate these bolts on the back of the caliper and remove them using your socket set or wrench.

Once the bolts are removed, carefully lift the caliper off the rotor. Be cautious not to let it hang by the brake hose, as this can damage the hose. Instead, use a piece of wire or a bungee cord to suspend the caliper from the suspension spring or another secure point.

With the caliper out of the way, you can now remove the old brake pads. They should slide out easily from the caliper bracket. Take note of how they were positioned, as you’ll need to install the new pads in the same orientation.

Inspecting and Replacing the Rotor

While you have access to the rotor, it’s a good time to inspect its condition. Look for any signs of excessive wear, scoring, or warping. If the rotor appears to be in good condition, you can simply clean it with brake cleaner and a wire brush. However, if you notice significant wear or damage, it’s best to replace the rotor.

To remove the rotor, you may need to take off the caliper bracket, which is usually held in place by two bolts. Once the bracket is removed, the rotor should slide off easily. If it’s stuck, you may need to tap it gently with a rubber mallet to loosen it.

When installing a new rotor, make sure to clean it thoroughly with brake cleaner to remove any protective oil coating. This ensures proper contact between the rotor and the new brake pads.

Installing New Brake Pads

Before installing the new brake pads, you’ll need to compress the caliper piston. This creates enough space for the thicker new pads. Use a C-clamp or a specialized caliper piston tool for this task. Place the tool over the caliper piston and slowly tighten it until the piston is fully retracted into the caliper housing.

Now you can install the new brake pads into the caliper bracket. Make sure they’re positioned correctly, matching the orientation of the old pads you removed earlier. Some brake pads come with anti-rattle clips or shims; be sure to install these as well if included.

Reassembling the Brake System

With the new pads in place, it’s time to put everything back together. Start by reattaching the caliper bracket if you removed it. Then, carefully place the caliper back over the new brake pads and rotor. Reinstall the caliper bolts and tighten them to the manufacturer’s specified torque.

Before replacing the wheel, double-check that all components are secure and properly positioned. Then, put the wheel back on and hand-tighten the lug nuts.

Finishing Up

Lower the vehicle back to the ground and use your lug wrench to fully tighten the lug nuts in a star pattern. This ensures even pressure and proper seating of the wheel.

Before taking your car for a test drive, it’s crucial to pump the brake pedal several times. This helps to reset the position of the brake pads and ensures that the brakes will work properly when you first use them.

Breaking In New Brakes

After installing new brake pads and/or rotors, it’s important to break them in properly. This process, also known as bedding in, helps to transfer an even layer of brake pad material onto the rotor surface, which improves braking performance and reduces the likelihood of brake judder or vibration.

To break in your new brakes:

• Find a safe, open area with little to no traffic
• Accelerate to about 35 mph and then brake firmly to 5 mph
• Repeat this process 5-6 times
• Then accelerate to 55 mph and brake firmly to 5 mph
• Repeat this higher-speed process 4-5 times
• Allow your brakes to cool completely before normal driving

During this process, you may notice a slight burning smell, which is normal. However, if you experience any unusual noises or vibrations, stop immediately and recheck your work.

Maintaining Your New Brakes

To ensure the longevity and performance of your new brakes, proper maintenance is key. Here are some tips to keep your brakes in top condition:

• Regularly inspect your brake pads for wear
• Listen for any unusual noises when braking
• Avoid “riding” the brakes, especially on long downhill stretches
• Use engine braking (downshifting) to assist with slowing down when possible
• Keep your brake fluid clean and at the proper level
• Have your brake system professionally inspected annually

By following these maintenance tips and being attentive to any changes in your vehicle’s braking performance, you can extend the life of your brakes and ensure safe driving conditions.

FAQs About How To Change Brakes In A Car

• How often should I change my car’s brake pads?
  Typically, brake pads should be replaced every 30,000 to 70,000 miles, depending on driving habits and conditions.
• Can I change just one set of brake pads at a time?
  It’s recommended to replace brake pads in pairs (both front or both rear) to ensure even braking performance.
• How do I know if my rotors need to be replaced?
  Signs include visible scoring or grooves, significant lip on the rotor edge, or pulsation when braking.
• Is it necessary to bleed the brakes after changing pads?
  Typically, no. Bleeding is only necessary if you open the hydraulic system or replace brake lines.
• How long does it take to change brakes on a car?
  For a DIY job, expect to spend 2-4 hours per axle, depending on your experience and the vehicle’s complexity.